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Lima Cara Mengurangi Risiko Diabetes By. CancerHelp.com
Apa itu Kanker ServiksKanker serviks adalah keganasan yang terjadi pada leher rahim. Kanker serviks disebut juga kanker leher rahim atau kanker mulut rahim dimulai pada lapisan serviks. Kanker serviks terbentuk sangat perlahan. Pertama, beberapa sel berubah dari normal menjadi sel-sel pra-kanker dan kemudian menjadi sel kanker. Ini dapat terjadi bertahun-tahun, tapi kadang-kadang terjadi lebih cepat. Perubahan ini sering disebut displasia. Mereka dapat ditemukan dengan tes Pap Smear dan dapat diobati untuk mencegah terjadinya kanker. Untuk dapat memahami kanker serviks, ada baiknya kita memahami terlebih dahulu anatomi rahim wanita. Anatomi Rahim wanita Leher rahim (serviks) adalah bagian bawah uterus (rahim). Rahim memiliki 2 bagian. Bagian atas, disebut tubuh rahim, adalah tempat di mana bayi tumbuh. Leher rahim, di bagian bawah, menghubungkan tubuh rahim ke vagina, atau disebut juga jalan lahir. Gambar organ reproduksi wanita: Ada 2 jenis utama kanker serviks. Sekitar 8-9 dari 10 jenis yang ada adalah karsinoma sel skuamosa. Di bawah mikroskop, kanker jenis ini terbentuk dari sel-sel seperti sel-sel skuamosa yang menutupi permukaan serviks. Sebagian besar sisanya adalah adenokarsinoma. Kanker ini dimulai pada sel-sel kelenjar yang membuat lendir. Jarang terjadi, kanker serviks memiliki kedua jenis fitur diatas dan disebut karsinoma campuran. Jenis lainnya (seperti melanoma, sarkoma, dan limfoma) yang paling sering terjadi di bagian lain dari tubuh. Jika Anda memiliki kanker serviks, mintalah dokter Anda untuk menjelaskan jenis kanker apa yang Anda miliki. Berapa banyak wanita terkena kanker serviks ? Jumlah prevalensi wanita pengidap kanker serviks di Indonesia terbilang cukup besar. Setiap hari, ditemukan 40-45 kasus baru dengan jumlah kematian mencapai 20-25 orang. Sementara jumlah wanita yang berisiko mengidapnya mencapai 48 juta orang. Dokter Laila Nuranna SpOG(K), Kepala Divisi Onkologi Ginekologi Obstetri Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, mengatakan bahwa sebagian besar kasus kanker serviks yang terdeteksi di rumah sakit sudah stadium lanjut sehingga sulit diobati. "Jika kanker ditemukan lebih dini, penanganannya akan lebih mudah dan tingkat harapan hidup lebih besar," katanya saat Diskusi Kampanye dan Upaya Penanganan Kanker Serviks di Hotel Lumire Jakarta, Senin 12 April 2010. Beberapa peneliti berpikir bahwa kanker serviks non-invasif (yang hanya terjadi di leher rahim ketika ditemukan) adalah sekitar 4 kali lebih umum daripada jenis kanker serviks yang invasif. Ketika ditemukan dan diobati secara dini, kanker serviks seringkali dapat disembuhkan. Kanker serviks cenderung terjadi pada wanita paruh baya. Kebanyakan kasus ditemukan pada wanita yang dibawah 50 tahun. Ini jarang terjadi pada wanita muda (usia 20 tahunan). Banyak wanita tidak tahu bahwa ketika menjadi tua, mereka masih beresiko terkena kanker serviks. Itulah sebabnya penting bagi wanita lebih tua untuk tetap menjalani tes Pap Smear secara teratur. |
Registrasi : 0142/10/12 |